diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex/src/index.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex/src/index.js
index 042d16de9d..d646101852 100644
--- a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex/src/index.js
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex/src/index.js
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ export default function({ types: t }, options) {
     visitor: {
       RegExpLiteral(path) {
         const node = path.node;
-        if (node.pattern.indexOf("(?<") === -1) {
+        if (!/\(\?<(?![=!])/.test(node.pattern)) {
           // Return early if there are no named groups.
           // The .indexOf check may have false positives (e.g. /\(?</); in
           // this case we parse the regex and regexp-tree won't transform it.
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/runtime/issue-10393/exec.js b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/runtime/issue-10393/exec.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e12e576b6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/runtime/issue-10393/exec.js
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+const regex = /(?<=a)(?<a>[a])/
+
+const result = regex.exec("aa");
+
+expect(result.groups).toEqual({
+  a: "a"
+});
diff --git a/packages/babel-plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/runtime/issue-10393/options.json b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/runtime/issue-10393/options.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2454c2169c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-plugin-transform-named-capturing-groups-regex/test/fixtures/runtime/issue-10393/options.json
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+  "minNodeVersion": "8.0.0"
+}