diff --git a/lib/third-party-libs.js.flow b/lib/third-party-libs.js.flow
index 1b6ef25940..26d86cd225 100644
--- a/lib/third-party-libs.js.flow
+++ b/lib/third-party-libs.js.flow
@@ -166,3 +166,9 @@ declare module "convert-source-map" {
     generateMapFileComment(path: string, options?: ?{ multiline: boolean }): string,
   };
 }
+
+declare module "js-levenshtein" {
+  declare module.exports: {
+    (string, string): number,
+  };
+}
diff --git a/packages/babel-preset-env/package.json b/packages/babel-preset-env/package.json
index 442f4fe2da..17505d8ea4 100644
--- a/packages/babel-preset-env/package.json
+++ b/packages/babel-preset-env/package.json
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@
     "@babel/plugin-transform-unicode-regex": "7.0.0-beta.49",
     "browserslist": "^3.0.0",
     "invariant": "^2.2.2",
+    "js-levenshtein": "^1.1.3",
     "semver": "^5.3.0"
   },
   "peerDependencies": {
diff --git a/packages/babel-preset-env/src/normalize-options.js b/packages/babel-preset-env/src/normalize-options.js
index b8f0e697fa..838625ecc2 100644
--- a/packages/babel-preset-env/src/normalize-options.js
+++ b/packages/babel-preset-env/src/normalize-options.js
@@ -5,9 +5,23 @@ import browserslist from "browserslist";
 import builtInsList from "../data/built-ins.json";
 import { defaultWebIncludes } from "./default-includes";
 import moduleTransformations from "./module-transformations";
+import { getValues, findSuggestion } from "./utils";
 import pluginsList from "../data/plugins.json";
+import { TopLevelOptions, ModulesOption, UseBuiltInsOption } from "./options";
 import type { Targets, Options, ModuleOption, BuiltInsOption } from "./types";
 
+const validateTopLevelOptions = (options: Options) => {
+  for (const option in options) {
+    if (!TopLevelOptions[option]) {
+      const validOptions = getValues(TopLevelOptions);
+      throw new Error(
+        `Invalid Option: ${option} is not a valid top-level option.
+        Maybe you meant to use '${findSuggestion(validOptions, option)}'?`,
+      );
+    }
+  }
+};
+
 const validIncludesAndExcludes = new Set([
   ...Object.keys(pluginsList),
   ...Object.keys(moduleTransformations).map(m => moduleTransformations[m]),
@@ -108,17 +122,17 @@ export const validateIgnoreBrowserslistConfig = (
   ignoreBrowserslistConfig: boolean,
 ) =>
   validateBoolOption(
-    "ignoreBrowserslistConfig",
+    TopLevelOptions.ignoreBrowserslistConfig,
     ignoreBrowserslistConfig,
     false,
   );
 
 export const validateModulesOption = (
-  modulesOpt: ModuleOption = "commonjs",
+  modulesOpt: ModuleOption = ModulesOption.commonjs,
 ) => {
   invariant(
-    modulesOpt === false ||
-      Object.keys(moduleTransformations).indexOf(modulesOpt) > -1,
+    ModulesOption[modulesOpt] ||
+      ModulesOption[modulesOpt] === ModulesOption.false,
     `Invalid Option: The 'modules' option must be either 'false' to indicate no modules, or a
     module type which can be be one of: 'commonjs' (default), 'amd', 'umd', 'systemjs'.`,
   );
@@ -140,7 +154,8 @@ export const validateUseBuiltInsOption = (
   builtInsOpt: BuiltInsOption = false,
 ): BuiltInsOption => {
   invariant(
-    builtInsOpt === "usage" || builtInsOpt === false || builtInsOpt === "entry",
+    UseBuiltInsOption[builtInsOpt] ||
+      UseBuiltInsOption[builtInsOpt] === UseBuiltInsOption.false,
     `Invalid Option: The 'useBuiltIns' option must be either
     'false' (default) to indicate no polyfill,
     '"entry"' to indicate replacing the entry polyfill, or
@@ -151,32 +166,40 @@ export const validateUseBuiltInsOption = (
 };
 
 export default function normalizeOptions(opts: Options) {
-  const include = expandIncludesAndExcludes(opts.include, "include");
-  const exclude = expandIncludesAndExcludes(opts.exclude, "exclude");
+  validateTopLevelOptions(opts);
+
+  const include = expandIncludesAndExcludes(
+    opts.include,
+    TopLevelOptions.include,
+  );
+  const exclude = expandIncludesAndExcludes(
+    opts.exclude,
+    TopLevelOptions.exclude,
+  );
 
   checkDuplicateIncludeExcludes(include, exclude);
 
   return {
     configPath: validateConfigPathOption(opts.configPath),
-    debug: opts.debug,
+    debug: validateBoolOption(TopLevelOptions.debug, opts.debug, false),
     include,
     exclude,
     forceAllTransforms: validateBoolOption(
-      "forceAllTransforms",
+      TopLevelOptions.forceAllTransforms,
       opts.forceAllTransforms,
       false,
     ),
     ignoreBrowserslistConfig: validateIgnoreBrowserslistConfig(
       opts.ignoreBrowserslistConfig,
     ),
-    loose: validateBoolOption("loose", opts.loose, false),
+    loose: validateBoolOption(TopLevelOptions.loose, opts.loose, false),
     modules: validateModulesOption(opts.modules),
     shippedProposals: validateBoolOption(
-      "shippedProposals",
+      TopLevelOptions.shippedProposals,
       opts.shippedProposals,
       false,
     ),
-    spec: validateBoolOption("loose", opts.spec, false),
+    spec: validateBoolOption(TopLevelOptions.spec, opts.spec, false),
     targets: {
       ...opts.targets,
     },
diff --git a/packages/babel-preset-env/src/options.js b/packages/babel-preset-env/src/options.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b201bac971
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/babel-preset-env/src/options.js
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+export const TopLevelOptions = {
+  configPath: "configPath",
+  debug: "debug",
+  exclude: "exclude",
+  forceAllTransforms: "forceAllTransforms",
+  ignoreBrowserslistConfig: "ignoreBrowserslistConfig",
+  include: "include",
+  loose: "loose",
+  modules: "modules",
+  shippedProposals: "shippedProposals",
+  spec: "spec",
+  targets: "targets",
+  useBuiltIns: "useBuiltIns",
+};
+
+export const ModulesOption = {
+  false: false,
+  amd: "amd",
+  commonjs: "commonjs",
+  cjs: "cjs",
+  systemjs: "systemjs",
+  umd: "umd",
+};
+
+export const UseBuiltInsOption = {
+  false: false,
+  entry: "entry",
+  usage: "usage",
+};
+
+export const TargetNames = {
+  esmodules: "esmodules",
+  node: "node",
+  browsers: "browsers",
+  chrome: "chrome",
+  opera: "opera",
+  edge: "edge",
+  firefox: "firefox",
+  safari: "safari",
+  ie: "ie",
+  ios: "ios",
+  android: "android",
+  electron: "electron",
+};
diff --git a/packages/babel-preset-env/src/targets-parser.js b/packages/babel-preset-env/src/targets-parser.js
index 0f3aef0364..0a97f9f07b 100644
--- a/packages/babel-preset-env/src/targets-parser.js
+++ b/packages/babel-preset-env/src/targets-parser.js
@@ -1,12 +1,32 @@
 // @flow
 
 import browserslist from "browserslist";
+import invariant from "invariant";
 import semver from "semver";
-import { semverify, isUnreleasedVersion, getLowestUnreleased } from "./utils";
+import {
+  semverify,
+  isUnreleasedVersion,
+  getLowestUnreleased,
+  getValues,
+  findSuggestion,
+} from "./utils";
 import { objectToBrowserslist } from "./normalize-options";
 import browserModulesData from "../data/built-in-modules.json";
+import { TargetNames } from "./options";
 import type { Targets } from "./types";
 
+const validateTargetNames = (validTargets, targets) => {
+  for (const target in targets) {
+    if (!TargetNames[target]) {
+      const validOptions = getValues(TargetNames);
+      throw new Error(
+        `Invalid Option: '${target}' is not a valid target
+        Maybe you meant to use '${findSuggestion(validOptions, target)}'?`,
+      );
+    }
+  }
+};
+
 const browserNameMap = {
   android: "android",
   chrome: "chrome",
@@ -21,13 +41,21 @@ const browserNameMap = {
 const isBrowsersQueryValid = (browsers: string | Array<string>): boolean =>
   typeof browsers === "string" || Array.isArray(browsers);
 
+const validateBrowsers = browsers => {
+  invariant(
+    typeof browsers === "undefined" || isBrowsersQueryValid(browsers),
+    `Invalid Option: '${browsers}' is not a valid browserslist query`,
+  );
+  return browsers;
+};
+
 export const semverMin = (first: ?string, second: string): string => {
   return first && semver.lt(first, second) ? first : second;
 };
 
 const mergeBrowsers = (fromQuery: Targets, fromTarget: Targets) => {
   return Object.keys(fromTarget).reduce((queryObj, targKey) => {
-    if (targKey !== "browsers") {
+    if (targKey !== TargetNames.browsers) {
       queryObj[targKey] = fromTarget[targKey];
     }
     return queryObj;
@@ -85,11 +113,21 @@ const outputDecimalWarning = (decimalTargets: Array<Object>): void => {
   console.log("");
 };
 
+const semverifyTarget = (target, value) => {
+  try {
+    return semverify(value);
+  } catch (error) {
+    throw new Error(
+      `Invalid Option: '${value}' is not a valid value for 'targets.${target}'.`,
+    );
+  }
+};
+
 const targetParserMap = {
   __default: (target, value) => {
     const version = isUnreleasedVersion(value, target)
       ? value.toLowerCase()
-      : semverify(value);
+      : semverifyTarget(target, value);
     return [target, version];
   },
 
@@ -98,8 +136,7 @@ const targetParserMap = {
     const parsed =
       value === true || value === "current"
         ? process.versions.node
-        : semverify(value);
-
+        : semverifyTarget(target, value);
     return [target, parsed];
   },
 };
@@ -108,9 +145,12 @@ type ParsedResult = {
   targets: Targets,
   decimalWarnings: Array<Object>,
 };
+
 const getTargets = (targets: Object = {}, options: Object = {}): Targets => {
   const targetOpts: Targets = {};
 
+  validateTargetNames(targets);
+
   // `esmodules` as a target indicates the specific set of browsers supporting ES Modules.
   // These values OVERRIDE the `browsers` field.
   if (targets.esmodules) {
@@ -119,23 +159,24 @@ const getTargets = (targets: Object = {}, options: Object = {}): Targets => {
       .map(browser => `${browser} ${supportsESModules[browser]}`)
       .join(", ");
   }
-  // Parse browsers target via browserslist;
-  const queryIsValid = isBrowsersQueryValid(targets.browsers);
-  const browsersquery = queryIsValid ? targets.browsers : null;
-  if (queryIsValid || !options.ignoreBrowserslistConfig) {
+
+  // Parse browsers target via browserslist
+  const browsersquery = validateBrowsers(targets.browsers);
+  if (!options.ignoreBrowserslistConfig) {
     browserslist.defaults = objectToBrowserslist(targets);
 
     const browsers = browserslist(browsersquery, { path: options.configPath });
     const queryBrowsers = getLowestVersions(browsers);
     targets = mergeBrowsers(queryBrowsers, targets);
   }
+
   // Parse remaining targets
   const parsed = Object.keys(targets)
-    .filter(value => value !== "esmodules")
+    .filter(value => value !== TargetNames.esmodules)
     .sort()
     .reduce(
       (results: ParsedResult, target: string): ParsedResult => {
-        if (target !== "browsers") {
+        if (target !== TargetNames.browsers) {
           const value = targets[target];
 
           // Warn when specifying minor/patch as a decimal
diff --git a/packages/babel-preset-env/src/types.js b/packages/babel-preset-env/src/types.js
index fd33e277fa..fe7428d204 100644
--- a/packages/babel-preset-env/src/types.js
+++ b/packages/babel-preset-env/src/types.js
@@ -1,15 +1,17 @@
 //@flow
 
+import { TargetNames, ModulesOption, UseBuiltInsOption } from "./options";
+
 // Targets
-export type Target = string;
+export type Target = $Keys<typeof TargetNames>;
 export type Targets = {
-  [target: string]: Target,
+  [target: Target]: string,
 };
 
 // Options
 // Use explicit modules to prevent typo errors.
-export type ModuleOption = false | "amd" | "commonjs" | "systemjs" | "umd";
-export type BuiltInsOption = false | "entry" | "usage";
+export type ModuleOption = $Values<typeof ModulesOption>;
+export type BuiltInsOption = $Values<typeof UseBuiltInsOption>;
 
 export type Options = {
   configPath: string,
diff --git a/packages/babel-preset-env/src/utils.js b/packages/babel-preset-env/src/utils.js
index 7f08ad109c..ae5380d17f 100644
--- a/packages/babel-preset-env/src/utils.js
+++ b/packages/babel-preset-env/src/utils.js
@@ -1,26 +1,51 @@
 // @flow
+
+import invariant from "invariant";
 import semver from "semver";
+import levenshtein from "js-levenshtein";
 import { addSideEffect } from "@babel/helper-module-imports";
 import unreleasedLabels from "../data/unreleased-labels";
 import { semverMin } from "./targets-parser";
 import type { Targets } from "./types";
 
+const versionRegExp = /^(\d+|\d+.\d+)$/;
+
 // Convert version to a semver value.
 // 2.5 -> 2.5.0; 1 -> 1.0.0;
 export const semverify = (version: string | number): string => {
-  if (typeof version === "string" && semver.valid(version)) {
+  const isString = typeof version === "string";
+
+  if (isString && semver.valid(version)) {
     return version;
   }
 
-  const split = version.toString().split(".");
+  invariant(
+    typeof version === "number" || (isString && versionRegExp.test(version)),
+    `'${version}' is not a valid version`,
+  );
 
+  const split = version.toString().split(".");
   while (split.length < 3) {
     split.push("0");
   }
-
   return split.join(".");
 };
 
+export const getValues = (object: Object): Array<any> =>
+  Object.keys(object).map(key => object[key]);
+
+export const findSuggestion = (options: Array<string>, option: string) => {
+  let levenshteinValue = Infinity;
+  return options.reduce((suggestion, validOption) => {
+    const value = levenshtein(validOption, option);
+    if (value < levenshteinValue) {
+      levenshteinValue = value;
+      return validOption;
+    }
+    return suggestion;
+  }, undefined);
+};
+
 export const prettifyVersion = (version: string): string => {
   if (typeof version !== "string") {
     return version;
diff --git a/packages/babel-preset-env/test/normalize-options.spec.js b/packages/babel-preset-env/test/normalize-options.spec.js
index 7a3a6db36d..abe163e0cf 100644
--- a/packages/babel-preset-env/test/normalize-options.spec.js
+++ b/packages/babel-preset-env/test/normalize-options.spec.js
@@ -36,6 +36,15 @@ describe("normalize-options", () => {
     });
   });
 
+  describe("Config format validation", () => {
+    it("should throw if top-level option not found", () => {
+      const unknownTopLevelOption = () => {
+        normalizeOptions({ unknown: "option" });
+      };
+      expect(unknownTopLevelOption).toThrow();
+    });
+  });
+
   describe("RegExp include/exclude", () => {
     it("should not allow invalid plugins in `include` and `exclude`", () => {
       const normalizeWithNonExistingPlugin = () => {
diff --git a/packages/babel-preset-env/test/targets-parser.spec.js b/packages/babel-preset-env/test/targets-parser.spec.js
index 21bbb286bc..2a0d4bb074 100644
--- a/packages/babel-preset-env/test/targets-parser.spec.js
+++ b/packages/babel-preset-env/test/targets-parser.spec.js
@@ -19,6 +19,35 @@ describe("getTargets", () => {
     });
   });
 
+  describe("validation", () => {
+    it("throws on invalid target name", () => {
+      const invalidTargetName = () => {
+        getTargets({
+          unknown: "unknown",
+        });
+      };
+      expect(invalidTargetName).toThrow();
+    });
+
+    it("throws on invalid browsers target", () => {
+      const invalidBrowsersTarget = () => {
+        getTargets({
+          browsers: 59,
+        });
+      };
+      expect(invalidBrowsersTarget).toThrow();
+    });
+
+    it("throws on invalid target version", () => {
+      const invalidTargetVersion = () => {
+        getTargets({
+          chrome: "unknown",
+        });
+      };
+      expect(invalidTargetVersion).toThrow();
+    });
+  });
+
   describe("browser", () => {
     it("merges browser key targets", () => {
       expect(
@@ -55,21 +84,6 @@ describe("getTargets", () => {
         safari: "tp",
       });
     });
-
-    it("ignores invalid", () => {
-      expect(
-        getTargets({
-          browsers: 59,
-          chrome: "49",
-          firefox: "55",
-          ie: "11",
-        }),
-      ).toEqual({
-        chrome: "49.0.0",
-        firefox: "55.0.0",
-        ie: "11.0.0",
-      });
-    });
   });
 
   describe("esmodules", () => {
diff --git a/packages/babel-preset-env/test/utils.spec.js b/packages/babel-preset-env/test/utils.spec.js
index f9c329fef3..2dce5f76c5 100644
--- a/packages/babel-preset-env/test/utils.spec.js
+++ b/packages/babel-preset-env/test/utils.spec.js
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 const utils = require("../lib/utils");
 
-const { prettifyTargets, prettifyVersion, semverify } = utils;
+const { prettifyTargets, prettifyVersion, semverify, findSuggestion } = utils;
 
 describe("utils", () => {
   describe("semverify", () => {
@@ -13,6 +13,13 @@ describe("utils", () => {
       expect(semverify(1)).toBe("1.0.0");
       expect(semverify(1.2)).toBe("1.2.0");
     });
+
+    it("throws", () => {
+      const invalidSemver = () => {
+        semverify("invalid");
+      };
+      expect(invalidSemver).toThrow();
+    });
   });
 
   describe("prettifyVersion", () => {
@@ -43,4 +50,12 @@ describe("utils", () => {
       });
     });
   });
+
+  describe("findSuggestion", () => {
+    it("returns", () => {
+      const options = ["one", "two", "three"];
+      expect(findSuggestion(options, "onr")).toEqual("one");
+      expect(findSuggestion(options, "tree")).toEqual("three");
+    });
+  });
 });