diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 64eab031b1..eb2aa6685b 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -333,8 +333,8 @@ _Note: Gaps between patch versions are faulty/broken releases._
  * **Polish**
   * Rest parameters now allocate the array before populating.
  * **Internal**
-  * `for...in` loops have been changed to optimised `for` loops - better performance and no enumeration of protoype keys.
-  * Parts of the code generator have now been optimised thanks to [gaearon](https://github.com/gaearon).
+  * `for...in` loops have been changed to optimized `for` loops - better performance and no enumeration of protoype keys.
+  * Parts of the code generator have now been optimized thanks to [gaearon](https://github.com/gaearon).
 
 ## 2.12.3
 
@@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ _Note: Gaps between patch versions are faulty/broken releases._
  * **Bug Fix**
   * Support non-string JSX literals.
  * **New Feature**
-  * Loose mode for some transformers that enables non-spec behaviour.
+  * Loose mode for some transformers that enables non-spec behavior.
  * **Internal**
   * Uglify `--mangle sort` has been added to the build script, cutting minified scripts in half.
 
@@ -795,7 +795,7 @@ _Note: Gaps between patch versions are faulty/broken releases._
 
 ## 1.13.2
 
- * Optimise `Array.from` usage by adding a helper method.
+ * Optimize `Array.from` usage by adding a helper method.
  * Upgrade `acorn-6to5`.
 
 ## 1.13.1
diff --git a/NOTES.md b/NOTES.md
index 731ad31e9a..71d2a5b7f5 100644
--- a/NOTES.md
+++ b/NOTES.md
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 # Notes
 
- * Wildcard exports/imports wont normalise if `export default` is a non-object. See [#224](https://github.com/6to5/6to5/issues/224).
+ * Wildcard exports/imports wont normalize if `export default` is a non-object. See [#224](https://github.com/6to5/6to5/issues/224).
diff --git a/lib/6to5/file.js b/lib/6to5/file.js
index 44d0a7794b..924776e29c 100644
--- a/lib/6to5/file.js
+++ b/lib/6to5/file.js
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ function File(opts) {
   this.data             = {};
 
   this.lastStatements   = [];
-  this.opts             = this.normaliseOptions(opts);
+  this.opts             = this.normalizeOptions(opts);
   this.ast              = {};
 
   this.buildTransformers();
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ File.validOptions = [
   "accept"
 ];
 
-File.prototype.normaliseOptions = function (opts) {
+File.prototype.normalizeOptions = function (opts) {
   opts = clone(opts);
 
   for (var key in opts) {
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ File.prototype.normaliseOptions = function (opts) {
     ast:                    true
   });
 
-  // normalise windows path separators to unix
+  // normalize windows path separators to unix
   opts.filename = opts.filename.replace(/\\/g, "/");
 
   opts.basename = path.basename(opts.filename, path.extname(opts.filename));
diff --git a/lib/6to5/generation/index.js b/lib/6to5/generation/index.js
index ad587cf66c..657aada805 100644
--- a/lib/6to5/generation/index.js
+++ b/lib/6to5/generation/index.js
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ function CodeGenerator(ast, opts, code) {
 
   this.comments = ast.comments || [];
   this.tokens   = ast.tokens || [];
-  this.format   = CodeGenerator.normaliseOptions(code, opts);
+  this.format   = CodeGenerator.normalizeOptions(code, opts);
   this.ast      = ast;
 
   this.whitespace = new Whitespace(this.tokens, this.comments);
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ each(Buffer.prototype, function (fn, key) {
   };
 });
 
-CodeGenerator.normaliseOptions = function (code, opts) {
+CodeGenerator.normalizeOptions = function (code, opts) {
   var style = "  ";
   if (code) {
     var indent = detectIndent(code).indent;
diff --git a/lib/6to5/register.js b/lib/6to5/register.js
index bd2f60d006..68f40886fd 100644
--- a/lib/6to5/register.js
+++ b/lib/6to5/register.js
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ var hookExtensions = function (_exts) {
 hookExtensions(util.canCompile.EXTENSIONS);
 
 module.exports = function (opts) {
-  // normalise options
+  // normalize options
   opts = opts || {};
 
   if (opts.only != null) onlyRegex = util.regexify(opts.only);
diff --git a/lib/6to5/transformation/index.js b/lib/6to5/transformation/index.js
index e861e43721..eec84eae40 100644
--- a/lib/6to5/transformation/index.js
+++ b/lib/6to5/transformation/index.js
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ function transform(code, opts) {
 }
 
 transform.fromAst = function (ast, code, opts) {
-  ast = util.normaliseAst(ast);
+  ast = util.normalizeAst(ast);
 
   var file = new File(opts);
   file.addCode(code);
diff --git a/lib/6to5/transformation/modules/_default.js b/lib/6to5/transformation/modules/_default.js
index 4d46305f25..3d06f64b9c 100644
--- a/lib/6to5/transformation/modules/_default.js
+++ b/lib/6to5/transformation/modules/_default.js
@@ -171,12 +171,12 @@ DefaultFormatter.prototype.getModuleName = function () {
 
   if (!opts.keepModuleIdExtensions) {
     // remove extension
-    filenameRelative = filenameRelative.replace(/\.(.*?)$/, "");
+    filenameRelative = filenameRelative.replace(/\.(\w*?)$/, "");
   }
 
   moduleName += filenameRelative;
 
-  // normalise path separators
+  // normalize path separators
   moduleName = moduleName.replace(/\\/g, "/");
 
   return moduleName;
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ DefaultFormatter.prototype.exportSpecifier = function (specifier, node, nodes) {
       nodes.push(this.buildExportsWildcard(ref, node));
     } else {
       if (t.isSpecifierDefault(specifier) && !this.noInteropRequire) {
-        // importing a default so we need to normalise it
+        // importing a default so we need to normalize it
         ref = t.callExpression(this.file.addHelper("interop-require"), [ref]);
       } else {
         ref = t.memberExpression(ref, t.getSpecifierId(specifier));
diff --git a/lib/6to5/transformation/transformer.js b/lib/6to5/transformation/transformer.js
index 4ec0c92803..02efb7396e 100644
--- a/lib/6to5/transformation/transformer.js
+++ b/lib/6to5/transformation/transformer.js
@@ -20,12 +20,12 @@ function Transformer(key, transformer, opts) {
   this.playground        = !!transformer.playground;
   this.secondPass        = !!transformer.secondPass;
   this.optional          = !!transformer.optional;
-  this.handlers          = this.normalise(transformer);
+  this.handlers          = this.normalize(transformer);
   this.opts              = opts || {};
   this.key               = key;
 }
 
-Transformer.prototype.normalise = function (transformer) {
+Transformer.prototype.normalize = function (transformer) {
   var self = this;
 
   if (isFunction(transformer)) {
diff --git a/lib/6to5/transformation/transformers/es6/block-scoping.js b/lib/6to5/transformation/transformers/es6/block-scoping.js
index 5e8b87b879..998efed593 100644
--- a/lib/6to5/transformation/transformers/es6/block-scoping.js
+++ b/lib/6to5/transformation/transformers/es6/block-scoping.js
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ var isVar = function (node, parent) {
   return t.isVariableDeclaration(node, { kind: "var" }) && !isLet(node, parent);
 };
 
-var standardiseLets = function (declars) {
+var standardizeLets = function (declars) {
   for (var i = 0; i < declars.length; i++) {
     delete declars[i]._let;
   }
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ BlockScoping.prototype.getLetReferences = function () {
   if (!this.hasLetReferences) return;
 
   // set let references to plain var references
-  standardiseLets(declarators);
+  standardizeLets(declarators);
 
   var state = {
     letReferences: this.letReferences,
diff --git a/lib/6to5/transformation/transformers/es6/modules.js b/lib/6to5/transformation/transformers/es6/modules.js
index b893690bc0..abb911f0b5 100644
--- a/lib/6to5/transformation/transformers/es6/modules.js
+++ b/lib/6to5/transformation/transformers/es6/modules.js
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ exports.ExportDeclaration = function (node, parent, scope, context, file) {
   var i;
 
   if (node.declaration) {
-    // make sure variable exports have an initialiser
+    // make sure variable exports have an initializer
     // this is done here to avoid duplicating it in the module formatters
     if (t.isVariableDeclaration(node.declaration)) {
       var declar = node.declaration.declarations[0];
diff --git a/lib/6to5/transformation/transformers/es6/properties.computed.js b/lib/6to5/transformation/transformers/es6/properties.computed.js
index cd01c828c4..5091488ca7 100644
--- a/lib/6to5/transformation/transformers/es6/properties.computed.js
+++ b/lib/6to5/transformation/transformers/es6/properties.computed.js
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ var spec = function (node, body, objId, initProps, file) {
   var props = node.properties;
   var prop, key;
 
-  // normalise key
+  // normalize key
 
   for (var i = 0; i < props.length; i++) {
     prop = props[i];
diff --git a/lib/6to5/traverse/scope.js b/lib/6to5/traverse/scope.js
index 333cabc367..aa2cdb2264 100644
--- a/lib/6to5/traverse/scope.js
+++ b/lib/6to5/traverse/scope.js
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ Scope.prototype.getInfo = function () {
 
   var info = block._scopeInfo = {};
 
-  var bindings     = info.bindings     = object();
+  var bindings         = info.bindings     = object();
   var references       = info.references       = object();
   var types            = info.types            = object();
   var declarationKinds = info.declarationKinds = {
@@ -373,101 +373,56 @@ Scope.prototype.getAllDeclarationsOfKind = function (kind) {
   return ids;
 };
 
-/**
- * Description
- *
- * @param {String} [id]
- * @param {Boolean} [decl]
- */
+//
 
-Scope.prototype.getReference = function (id, decl) {
-  return id && (this.getOwnReference(id, decl) || this.parentGetReference(id, decl));
+Scope.prototype.get = function (id, type) {
+  return id && (this.getOwn(id, type) || this.parentGet(id, type));
 };
 
-/**
- * Description
- *
- * @param {String} [id]
- * @param {Boolean} [decl]
- */
-
-Scope.prototype.getOwnReference = function (id, decl) {
-  var refs = this.references;
-  if (decl) refs = this.bindings;
-  return has(refs, id) && refs[id];
+Scope.prototype.getOwn = function (id, type) {
+  var refs = {
+    reference: this.references,
+    binding:   this.bindings,
+    type:      this.types
+  }[type];
+  return refs && has(refs, id) && refs[id];
 };
 
-/**
- * Description
- *
- * @param {String} [id]
- * @param {Boolean} [decl]
- */
-
-Scope.prototype.parentGetReference = function (id, decl) {
-  return this.parent && this.parent.getReference(id, decl);
+Scope.prototype.parentGet = function (id, type) {
+  return this.parent && this.parent.get(id, type);
 };
 
-/**
- * Description
- *
- * @param {String} [id]
- * @param {Boolean} [decl]
- * @returns {Boolean}
- */
-
-Scope.prototype.hasReference = function (id, decl) {
+Scope.prototype.has = function (id, type) {
   if (!id) return false;
-  if (this.hasOwnReference(id, decl)) return true;
-  if (this.parentHasReference(id, decl)) return true;
+  if (this.hasOwn(id, type)) return true;
+  if (this.parentHas(id, type)) return true;
   if (contains(Scope.defaultDeclarations, id)) return true;
   return false;
 };
 
-/**
- * Description
- *
- * @param {String} [id]
- * @param {Boolean} [decl]
- * @returns {Boolean}
- */
-
-Scope.prototype.hasOwnReference = function (id, decl) {
-  return !!this.getOwnReference(id, decl);
+Scope.prototype.hasOwn = function (id, type) {
+  return !!this.getOwn(id, type);
 };
 
-/**
- * Description
- *
- * @param {String} [id]
- * @param {Boolean} [decl]
- * @returns {Boolean}
- */
-
-Scope.prototype.parentHasReference = function (id, decl) {
-  return this.parent && this.parent.hasReference(id, decl);
+Scope.prototype.parentHas = function (id, type) {
+  return this.parent && this.parent.has(id, type);
 };
 
-Scope.prototype.getBinding = function (id) {
-  return this.getReference(id, true);
-};
-
-Scope.prototype.hasBinding = function (id) {
-  return this.hasReference(id, true);
-};
-
-Scope.prototype.getOwnBinding = function (id) {
-  return this.getOwnReference(id, true);
-};
-
-Scope.prototype.hasOwnBinding = function (id) {
-  return this.hasOwnReference(id, true);
-};
-
-Scope.prototype.parentGetBinding = function (id) {
-  return this.parentGetReference(id, true);
-};
-
-Scope.prototype.parentHasBinding = function (id) {
-  return this.parentHasReference(id, true);
-};
+each({
+  reference: "Reference",
+  binding: "Binding",
+  type: "Type"
+}, function (title, type) {
+  each([
+    "get",
+    "has",
+    "getOwn",
+    "hasOwn",
+    "parentGet",
+    "parentHas",
+  ], function (methodName) {
+    Scope.prototype[methodName + title] = function (id) {
+      return this[methodName](id, type);
+    };
+  });
+});
diff --git a/lib/6to5/util.js b/lib/6to5/util.js
index f60534e3bb..49b381ef29 100644
--- a/lib/6to5/util.js
+++ b/lib/6to5/util.js
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ exports.repeat = function (width, cha) {
   return result;
 };
 
-exports.normaliseAst = function (ast, comments, tokens) {
+exports.normalizeAst = function (ast, comments, tokens) {
   if (ast && ast.type === "Program") {
     return t.file(ast, comments || [], tokens || []);
   } else {
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ exports.parse = function (opts, code, callback) {
 
     estraverse.attachComments(ast, comments, tokens);
 
-    ast = exports.normaliseAst(ast, comments, tokens);
+    ast = exports.normalizeAst(ast, comments, tokens);
 
     if (callback) {
       return callback(ast);
diff --git a/test/_helper.js b/test/_helper.js
index 72cfd950c4..bb8c7c3341 100644
--- a/test/_helper.js
+++ b/test/_helper.js
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ var path = require("path");
 var fs   = require("fs");
 var _    = require("lodash");
 
-var humanise = function (val, noext) {
+var humanize = function (val, noext) {
   if (noext) val = path.basename(val, path.extname(val));
   return val.replace(/-/g, " ");
 };
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ exports.get = function (entryName, entryLoc) {
     var suite = {
       options: {},
       tests: [],
-      title: humanise(suiteName),
+      title: humanize(suiteName),
       filename: entryLoc + "/" + suiteName
     };
     suites.push(suite);
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ exports.get = function (entryName, entryLoc) {
       if (taskOptsLoc) _.merge(taskOpts, require(taskOptsLoc));
 
       var test = {
-        title: humanise(taskName, true),
+        title: humanize(taskName, true),
         disabled: taskName[0] === ".",
         options: taskOpts,
         exec: {
diff --git a/test/test262.js b/test/test262.js
index 5a0be6f844..11c96abcfe 100644
--- a/test/test262.js
+++ b/test/test262.js
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ var exec = function (loc) {
   try {
     var file = fs.readFileSync(loc, "utf8");
 
-    // this normalises syntax and early runtime reference errors since they're
+    // this normalizes syntax and early runtime reference errors since they're
     // both thrown as SyntaxErrors in acorn
     // SyntaxError: var null;
     // ReferenceError: 1++; (runtime)
diff --git a/test/traceur.js b/test/traceur.js
index afb0722e1f..72dc64e7fc 100644
--- a/test/traceur.js
+++ b/test/traceur.js
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ require("./_transformation-helper")({
     "Syntax/UseStrictEscapeSequence",
     "Syntax/UseStrictLineContinuation",
 
-    // experimental es7 - the spec hasn't been finalised yet
+    // experimental es7 - the spec hasn't been finalized yet
     // these both fail because of filter between blocks
     "ArrayComprehension/Simple",
     "GeneratorComprehension/Simple",