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nx/docs/shared/configuration/packagejson.md
Jason Jean 63b74d2a56
feat(core): add ability to use globs as outputs (#10894) 
* feat(core): add ability to use globs as outputs

* fix(repo): adjust the way outputs are tracked

* docs(core): improve outputs documentation
2022-07-14 18:31:12 -04:00

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# Configuration: package.json and nx.json
There are two main types of configuration in every Nx workspace: [project configuration](#project-configuration)
and [the global Nx CLI configuration](#cli-configuration).
Projects can be configured in `package.json` (if you use npm scripts and not Nx executors) and `project.json` (if you
use Nx executors). Both `package.json` and `project.json` files are located in each project's folder. Nx merges the two
files to get each project's configuration. This guide covers the `package.json` case.
## Project Configuration
Every npm script defined in `package.json` is a target you can invoke via Nx. For instance, if your project has the
following `package.json`:
```jsonc
{
"name": "mylib",
"scripts": {
"test": "jest",
"build": "tsc -p tsconfig.lib.json" // the actual command here is arbitrary
}
}
```
you can invoke `nx build mylib` or `nx test mylib` without any extra configuration.
You can add Nx-specific configuration as follows:
```jsonc
{
"name": "mylib",
"scripts": {
"test: "jest",
"build": "tsc -p tsconfig.lib.json" // the actual command here is arbitrary
},
"nx": {
"namedInputs": {
"default": [
"{projectRoot}/**/*"
],
"prod": [
"!{projectRoot}/**/*.spec.tsx"
]
},
"targets": {
"build": {
"inputs": ["prod", "^prod"],
"outputs": ["dist/libs/mylib"],
"dependsOn": ["^build"]
},
"test": {
"inputs": ["default", "^prod"],
"outputs": [],
"dependsOn": ["build"]
}
}
}
}
```
### inputs & namedInputs
The `inputs` array tells Nx what to consider to determine whether a particular invocation of a script should be a cache
hit or not. There are three types of inputs:
_Filesets_
Examples:
- `{projectRoot}/**.*.ts`
- same as `{fileset: "{projectRoot}/**/*.ts"}`
- `{workspaceRoot}/jest.config.ts`
- same as `{fileset: "{workspaceRoot}/jest.config.ts}`
_Runtime Inputs_
Examples:
- `{runtime: "node -v"}`
Node the result value is hashed, so it is never displayed.
_Env Variables_
Examples:
- `{env: "MY_ENV_VAR"}`
Node the result value is hashed, so it is never displayed.
_Named Inputs_
Examples:
- `inputs: ["prod"]`
- same as `inputs: [{input: "prod", projects: "self"}]`
Often the same glob will appear in many places (e.g., prod fileset will exclude spec files for all projects). Because
keeping them in sync is error-prone, we recommend defining named inputs, which you can then reference in all of those
places.
#### Using ^
Examples:
- `inputs: ["^prod"]`
- same as `inputs: [{input: "prod", projects: "dependencies"}]`
Similar to `dependsOn`, the "^" symbols means "dependencies". This is a very important idea, so let's illustrate it with
an example.
```
"test": {
"inputs": [ "default", "^prod" ]
}
```
The configuration above means that the test target depends on all source files of a given project and only prod
sources (non-test sources) of its dependencies. In other words, it treats test sources as private.
### outputs
Targets may define outputs to tell Nx where the target is going to create file artifacts that Nx should cache. `"outputs": ["dist/libs/mylib"]` tells Nx where the `build` target is going to create file artifacts.
This configuration is usually not needed. Nx comes with reasonable defaults (imported in `nx.json`) which implement the configuration above.
#### Basic Example
Usually, a target writes to a specific directory or a file. The following instructs Nx to cache `dist/libs/mylib` and `build/libs/mylib/main.js`:
```json
{
"build": {
"outputs": ["dist/libs/mylib", "build/libs/mylib/main.js"]
}
}
```
#### Specifying Globs
Sometimes, multiple targets might write to the same directory. When possible it is recommended to direct these targets into separate directories.
```json
{
"build-js": {
"outputs": ["dist/libs/mylib/js"]
},
"build-css": {
"outputs": ["dist/libs/mylib/css"]
}
}
```
But if the above is not possible, globs can be specified as outputs to only cache a set of files rather than the whole directory.
```json
{
"build-js": {
"outputs": ["dist/libs/mylib/**/*.js"]
},
"build-css": {
"outputs": ["dist/libs/mylib/**/*.css"]
}
}
```
### dependsOn
Targets can depend on other targets. This is the relevant portion of the configuration file:
```json
"build": {
"dependsOn": ["^build"]
},
"test": {
"dependsOn": ["build"]
}
```
A common scenario is having to build dependencies of a project first before building the project. This is what
the `"dependsOn": ["^build"]` property of the `build` target configures. It tells Nx that before it can build `mylib` it
needs to make
sure that `mylib`'s dependencies are built as well. This doesn't mean Nx is going to rerun those builds. If the right
artifacts are already in the right place, Nx will do nothing. If they aren't in the right place, but they are available
in the cache, Nx will retrieve them from the cache.
Another common scenario is for a target to depend on another target of the same project. For
instance, `"dependsOn": ["build"]` of
the `test` target tells Nx that before it can test `mylib` it needs to make sure that `mylib` is built, which will
result in `mylib`'s dependencies being built as well.
You can also express the same configuration using:
```json
"build": {
"dependsOn": [{ "projects": "dependencies", "target": "build" }]
},
"test": {
"dependsOn": [{ "projects": "self", "target": "build" }]
}
```
With the expanded syntax, you also have a third option available to configure how to handle the params passed to the target
dependencies. You can either forward them to the dependency target, or you can ignore them (default).
```json
"build": {
// forward params passed to this target to the dependency targets
"dependsOn": [{ "projects": "dependencies", "target": "build", "params": "forward" }]
},
"test": {
// ignore params passed to this target, won't be forwarded to the dependency targets
"dependsOn": [{ "projects": "self", "target": "build", "params": "ignore" }]
}
"lint": {
// ignore params passed to this target, won't be forwarded to the dependency targets
"dependsOn": [{ "projects": "self", "target": "build" }]
}
```
This configuration is usually not needed. Nx comes with reasonable defaults (imported in `nx.json`) which implement the
configuration above.
### tags
You can annotate your projects with `tags` as follows:
```jsonc
{
"name": "mylib",
"nx": {
"tags": ["scope:myteam"]
}
}
```
You can [configure lint rules using these tags](/structure/monorepo-tags) to, for instance, ensure that libraries
belonging to `myteam` are not depended on by libraries belong to `theirteam`.
### implicitDependencies
Nx uses powerful source-code analysis to figure out your workspace's project graph. Some dependencies cannot be deduced
statically, so you can set them manually like this:
```jsonc
{
"name": "mylib",
"nx": {
"implicitDependencies": ["anotherlib"]
}
}
```
You can also remove a dependency as follows:
```jsonc
{
"name": "mylib",
"nx": {
"implicitDependencies": ["!anotherlib"] # regardless of what Nx thinks, "mylib" doesn't depend on "anotherlib"
}
}
```
### Ignoring a project
Nx will add every project with a `package.json` file in it to its project graph. If you want to ignore a particular
project, add the following to its `package.json`:
```jsonc
{
"name": "mylib",
"nx": {
"ignore": true
}
}
```
### workspace json
The `workspace.json` file in the root directory is optional. It's used if you want to list the projects in your
workspace explicitly instead of Nx scanning the file tree for all `project.json` and `package.json` files that match the
globs specified in the `workspaces` property of the root `package.json`.
```json
{
"version": 2,
"projects": {
"myapp": "apps/myapp"
}
}
```
- `"version": 2` tells Nx that we are using Nx's format for the `workspace.json` file.
- `projects` is a map of project names to their locations.
## CLI Configuration
The `nx.json` file configures the Nx CLI and project defaults.
The following is an expanded version showing all options. Your `nx.json` will likely be much shorter.
```json
{
"npmScope": "happyorg",
"affected": {
"defaultBase": "main"
},
"workspaceLayout": {
"appsDir": "demos",
"libsDir": "packages"
},
"implicitDependencies": {
"workspace.json": "*",
"package.json": {
"dependencies": "*",
"devDependencies": "*"
},
"tsconfig.base.json": "*",
"nx.json": "*"
},
"namedInputs": {
"default": ["{projectRoot}/**/*"],
"prod": ["!{projectRoot}/**/*.spec.tsx"]
},
"targetDefaults": {
"build": {
"inputs": ["prod", "^prod"],
"dependsOn": ["^build"]
}
},
"cli": {
"defaultCollection": "@nrwl/js"
},
"generators": {
"@nrwl/js:library": {
"buildable": true
}
},
"tasksRunnerOptions": {
"default": {
"runner": "nx/tasks-runners/default",
"options": {
"cacheableOperations": ["build", "lint", "test", "e2e"]
}
}
}
}
```
### NPM Scope
Tells Nx what prefix to use when generating library imports.
### Affected
Tells Nx which branch and HEAD to use when calculating affected projects.
- `defaultBase` defines the default base branch, defaulted to `main`.
### Workspace Layout
You can add a `workspaceLayout` property to modify where libraries and apps are located.
```json
{
"workspaceLayout": {
"appsDir": "demos",
"libsDir": "packages"
}
}
```
These settings would store apps in `/demos/` and libraries in `/packages/`. The paths specified are relative to the
workspace root.
### Files & Implicit Dependencies
Nx performs advanced source-code analysis to figure out the project graph of the workspace. So when you make a change,
Nx can deduce what can be broken by this change. Some dependencies between projects and shared files cannot be inferred
statically. You can configure those using `implicitDependencies`.
```json
{
"implicitDependencies": {
"workspace.json": "*",
"package.json": {
"dependencies": "*",
"devDependencies": {
"mypackage": ["mylib"]
},
"scripts": {
"check:*": "*"
}
},
"globalFile": ["myapp"],
"styles/**/*.css": ["myapp"]
}
}
```
In the example above:
- Changing `workspace.json` affects every project.
- Changing the `dependencies` property in `package.json` affects every project.
- Changing the `mypackage` property in `package.json` only affects `mylib`.
- Changing any of the custom check `scripts` in `package.json` affects every project.
- Changing `globalFile` only affects `myapp`.
- Changing any CSS file inside the `styles` directory only affects `myapp`.
### inputs & namedInputs
Named inputs defined in `nx.json` are merged with the named inputs defined in each project's package.json.
In other words, every project has a set of named inputs, and it's defined as: `{...namedInputsFromNxJson, ...namedInputsFromProjectsPackageJson}`.
Defining `inputs` for a given target would replace the set of inputs for that target name defined in `nx.json`.
Using pseudocode `inputs = packageJson.targets.build.inputs || nxJson.targetDefaults.build.inputs`.
You can also define and redefine named inputs. This enables one key use case, where your `nx.json` can define things
like this (which applies to every project):
```
"test": {
"inputs": [
"default",
"^prod"
]
}
```
And projects can define their prod fileset, without having to redefine the inputs for the `test` target.
```json title="package.json"
{
"name": "parent",
"scripts": {
"build": "...",
"test": "..."
},
"dependencies": {...},
"nx": {
"namedInputs": {
"prod": [
"!{projectRoot}/**/*.test.js",
"{workspacRoot}/jest.config.js"
]
}
}
}
```
In this case Nx will use the right `prod` input for each project.
### Target Defaults
Targets can depend on other targets. A common scenario is having to build dependencies of a project first before
building the project. The `dependsOn` property in `package.json` can be used to define the list of dependencies of an
individual target.
Often the same `dependsOn` configuration has to be defined for every project in the repo, and that's when
defining `targetDefaults` in `nx.json` is helpful.
```json
{
"targetDefaults": {
"build": {
"dependsOn": ["^build"]
}
}
}
```
The configuration above is identical to adding `{"dependsOn": ["^build"]}` to every build target of every project.
Another target default you can configure is `outputs`:
```json
{
"targetDefaults": {
"build": {
"outputs": ["{projectRoot}/custom-dist"]
}
}
}
```
{% callout type="warning" title="Nx < 14.3.4" %}
Previous versions of Nx (before 14.3.4) supported `targetDependencies` to configure dependencies in `nx.json`
. `targetDefaults` is the same mechanism but generalized to support other properties.
{% /callout %}
### CLI Options
The following command generates a new library: `nx g @nrwl/js:lib mylib`. After setting the `defaultCollection`property,
the lib is generated without mentioning the plugin name: `nx g lib mylib`.
```json
{
"cli": {
"defaultCollection": "@nrwl/js"
}
}
```
### Generators
Default generator options are configured in `nx.json` as well. For instance, the following tells Nx to always
pass `--buildable=true` when creating new libraries.
```json
{
"generators": {
"@nrwl/js:library": {
"buildable": true
}
}
}
```
### Tasks Runner Options
> A task is an invocation of a target.
Tasks runners are invoked when you run `nx test`, `nx build`, `nx run-many`, `nx affected`, and so on. The tasks runner
named "default" is used by default. Specify a different one like
this `nx run-many --target=build --all --runner=another`.
Tasks runners can accept different options. The following are the options supported
by `"nx/tasks-runners/default"` and `"@nrwl/nx-cloud"`.
| Property | Descrtipion |
| ----------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| cacheableOperations | defines the list of targets/operations that are cached by Nx |
| parallel | defines the max number of targets ran in parallel (in older versions of Nx you had to pass `--parallel --maxParallel=3` instead of `--parallel=3`) |
| captureStderr | defines whether the cache captures stderr or just stdout |
| skipNxCache | defines whether the Nx Cache should be skipped (defaults to `false`) |
| cacheDirectory | defines where the local cache is stored (defaults to `node_modules/.cache/nx`) |
| encryptionKey | (when using `"@nrwl/nx-cloud"` only) defines an encryption key to support end-to-end encryption of your cloud cache. You may also provide an environment variable with the key `NX_CLOUD_ENCRYPTION_KEY` that contains an encryption key as its value. The Nx Cloud task runner normalizes the key length, so any length of key is acceptable |
| runtimeCacheInputs | defines the list of commands that are run by the runner to include into the computation hash value |
| selectivelyHashTsConfig | only hash the path mapping of the active project in the `tsconfig.base.json` (e.g., adding/removing projects doesn't affect the hash of existing projects) (defaults to `false`) |
`runtimeCacheInputs` are set as follows:
```json
{
"tasksRunnerOptions": {
"default": {
"runner": "nx/tasks-runners/default",
"options": {
"cacheableOperations": ["build", "lint", "test", "e2e"],
"runtimeCacheInputs": ["node -v"]
}
}
}
}
```
You can configure `parallel` in `nx.json`, but you can also pass them in the
terminal `nx run-many --target=test --parallel=5`.
## .nxignore
You may optionally add an `.nxignore` file to the root. This file is used to specify files in your workspace that should
be completely ignored by Nx.
The syntax is the same as
a [`.gitignore` file](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Basics-Recording-Changes-to-the-Repository#_ignoring).
**When a file is specified in the `.nxignore` file:**
1. Changes to that file are not taken into account in the `affected` calculations.
2. Even if the file is outside an app or library, `nx workspace-lint` won't warn about it.
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